Project MON-MOST (China) Agreement 075-15-2023-580 (Code 13.2251.21.0203) (2023-2025) “Key technologies for the research and development of high-performance acoustic liquid sensors”
Head: Doctor of Physico-mathematical Sciences Kuznetsova I.E.
Responsible executor: Ph.D. of Physico-mathematical Sciences Kolesov V.V.
2025:
As a result of the work carried out in 2025, the following results were obtained:
- The technology for creating the TeO2-ZnO structure and the method of applying counter-pin transducers to it to excite piezoactive acoustic waves. An experimental sample of a multichannel multiparametric acoustic device based on the TeO2 – ZnO structure with a liquid cell in the center. Amplitude-frequency response of the experimental sample.
- Results of approbation of the obtained experimental sample of a multichannel multiparametric acoustic device based on the TeO2 – ZnO structure on test colloidal solutions (LB culture media, including with the obtained bacterial cells, viscous media based on silicone oil with microparticles of metals and their oxides)
- Results of comparison of sensory characteristics of experimental samples of multichannel multiparametric acoustic devices based on the TeO2 – ZnO and LiNbO3 plates.
- The results of comparing the sensory characteristics of experimental samples on anisotropic delay lines and FBAR (Chinese team).
- An experimental sample of an acousto-electronic sensor for detecting bacterial cells based on a culture of methylotrophic mycobacteria (Methylobacterium,
- Rhodococcus) encapsulated with biogenic iron nanoparticles in the presence of an external magnetic field. Amplitude-frequency response of the experimental sample.
- The results of the approbation of an experimental sample of an acousto-electronic sensor for the detection of bacterial cells based on a culture of methylotrophic mycobacteria (Methylobacterium, Rhodococcus) encapsulated with biogenic Fe nanoparticles in the presence of an external magnetic field.
- Analysis of the patent situation on multi-channel multiparametric acoustic devices for detecting microbiological objects in the liquid phase.
- The technical specification for development work is “A multichannel multiparametric acoustic device for detecting microbiological objects in the liquid phase.”
- Technical and economic assessment of the market potential of the obtained results.
- The experimental sample of FBAR and the algorithm of operation of liquid sensors in real time.
- The results of the theoretical analysis of the interaction of liquid suspension with acoustic waves.
- Analysis of the patent situation for the developed acousto-electronic biological sensor.
All the tasks set for the third stage of the research have been fully solved.
2024:
As a result of the work carried out at the second stage of research in 2024, the following main results were obtained:
1. An experimental sample of an acousto-electronic device for contactless determination of the conductivity of a liquid or colloidal solution based on an acoustic delay line on LiNbO3 or FBAR. Frequency response of the created experimental sample.
2. The results of an experimental study of the possibility of non-contact determination of the conductivity of a liquid or colloidal solution based on acoustoelectric delay lines or FBAR by a Chinese team.
3. An experimental sample of a multichannel multiparametric acousto-electronic device with a liquid cell in the center for determining the properties of a liquid on piezoelectric substrates (LiNbO3, LiTaO3) with different spatial orientation of acoustic channels. Frequency response of an experimental sample.
4. A measuring stand for conducting a study of the frequency response of created experimental samples of acousto-electronic devices.
5. Results of an experimental study of the effect of reference liquids (distilled water, glycerin, aqueous solutions of NaCl, aqueous solutions of glycerin, aqueous solutions of NaCl with glycerin) on the properties of acoustic waves of various types, depending on the direction of wave propagation using the created experimental sample. Reference 2D histograms (patterns) for creating an electronic reference database.
6. A method for identifying liquids from a database based on the obtained reference sensor diagrams, including machine learning methods with the involvement of a Chinese team. The results of verification of the method using reference liquids (distilled water, glycerin, aqueous solutions of NaCl, aqueous solutions of glycerin, aqueous solutions of NaCl with glycerin).
7. Experimental samples of silicone oil-based test liquids with microparticles of their metals and their oxides.
8. The results of the testing of the developed method for the identification of liquids based on the constructed sensory diagrams on colloidal solutions (LB culture media, including those with the obtained bacterial cells, viscous media based on silicone oil with microparticles of metals and their oxides). The results of comparing the data obtained with the data of the Chinese team.
9. Microbiological technique for obtaining bacterial cells based on a culture of methylotrophic mycobacteria (Methylobacterium, Rhodococcus) encapsulated with biogenic magnetic nanoparticles (Fe) and experimental samples.
10. Results of a study of the morphology, composition, and magnetic properties of the obtained bacterial cells based on a culture of methylotrophic mycobacteria (Methylobacterium, Rhodococcus) encapsulated with biogenic Fe nanoparticles.
11. Analysis of the patent situation for the developed acoustic method for non-contact determination of the electrophysical properties of a liquid.
12. Analysis of the patent situation for a biogenic method for determining the presence of bacterial cells in a culture medium.
13. The results of the study of the effects of external vibration on the performance of FBAR devices.
14. Simulation results of the influence of external mechanical influences on the parameters of FBAR devices.
15. The results of optimizing the structural scheme of FBAR devices and making appropriate design changes.
16. Results summarizing data on the effects of temperature and external vibrations on the characteristics of FBAR devices and the algorithm for their creation, which allows predicting their effectiveness.
17. Software for calculating the designs of FBAR devices.
All the tasks set for the first stage of the research have been fully solved.
Based on the results of the work in 2024, 2 articles were published in the journals included in the core of RSCI, MBD WOS and Scopus, 2 patents were filed. The results were reported in 5 reports at two International Conferences.
Published articles:
1. Ageykin N., Anisimkin V., Smirnov A., Fionov A., Li P., Qian Z., Ma T., Awasthi K., Kuznetsova I. An Electronic “Tongue” Based on Multimode Multidirectional Acoustic Plate Wave Propagation // Sensors.- 2024.- V.24.- P. 6301
2. Wang T., Zhu F., Li P., Xu Z., Ma T., Kuznetsova I., Qian Z. Analysis and Modeling of Two-Dimensional Piezoelectric Semiconductor Shell Theory // European Journal of Mechanics/A solids.- 2024.- V.106.- P. 105331
Conference presentations:
1. Ageikin N.A. Influence of the composition of suspensions based on silicone oil on the characteristics of acoustic waves in piezoelectric plates // Book of Abstr. 9th Int. Conf. on Phys. Electron.- IPEC-9, Oct. 3-4, 2024, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. -2024. -pp. 76-77
2. Anisimkin V.I., Fionov A.S. Acousto-electronic taste sensor // Book of Abstr. 9th Int. Conf. on Phys. Electron.- IPEC-9, Oct. 3-4, 2024, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. -2024. -pp. 80-81.
3. Datsuk E.R., Gorbachev I.A. Automated test bench for measuring the reaction of an acousto-electronic sensor to the effects of aqueous solutions of sodium chloride of various concentrations // Book of Abstr. 9th Int. Conf. on Phys. Electron.- IPEC-9, Oct. 3-4, 2024, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. -2024. -pp. 82-83.
4. Shamsutdinova E.S. Determination of electrical conductivity of a liquid by non-contact acoustic method // Book of Abstr. 9th Int. Conf. on Phys. Electron.- IPEC-9, Oct. 3-4, 2024, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. -2024. -pp. 86-87.
5. Kolesov V.V., Ageikin N.A., Anisimkin V.I. Investigation of the structuring effect of a magnetic field on magnetic liquids by acousto-electronic methods // Actual problems of strength : materials of the LXVIII international scientific conference: Vitebsk, May 27-31 , 2024 / edited by V.V. Rubanik. Minsk: IVC of the Ministry of Finance, 2024, pp.269-271.
Patent applications:
1. Smirnov A.V., Shamsutdinova E.S., Kuznetsova I.E. Contactless method for determining the electrophysical properties of liquid media// Patent application for an invention.-2024.-No. 20244130299 dated 08.10.2024.
2. Skladnev D.A., Sorokin V.V., Kalenov S.V. Biogenic method for determining the presence of bacteria in a culture medium// Patent application for Invention No. 2024135546 dated 11/27/2024.
Recommendations and suggestions for using the Project results.
The results obtained will be used at the final stage of the project to refine a multiparametric multichannel acoustic liquid sensor and patent it. Such sensors can be used for environmental monitoring of water properties, control of parameters of technological and food liquids, which is of interest to the Industrial Partner of the project, Med TeCo LLC.
Evaluation of the scientific and technical level of the project results.
The results obtained were compared with the results of the Chinese team. It is concluded that the use of FBAR with a lateral exciting electric field is promising for the implementation of liquid biological sensors. At the next stage, it is planned to conduct an analytical comparison of the results obtained by the Russian and Chinese teams to identify the limits of applicability of various types of acoustic devices (delay lines, FBAR) when creating biological sensors.
The results obtained correspond to, and in some cases exceed, the world level in this field of research.
Assessment of the achievement of the goals set within the framework of the project.
All the work planned for 2024 and the tasks set have been successfully completed. The set project goals for the second stage have been achieved.
The need for international cooperation is due to the possibility of access to the technological lines for creating acousto-electronic devices of Chinese partners. In addition, due to the practical orientation of this work, an additional opportunity opens up for international cooperation in implementing the results of this work into real sensor devices and organizing their production.
2023:
As a result of the work carried out at the first stage of research, the following main results were obtained:
1. The analytical review showed the existence of a large number of methods for studying the mechanical and electrical properties of liquids and solutions, including cultural media with microbiological objects on various physical principles, however, the use of acoustoelectronic technologies and the development of new devices based on them is of significant interest for the study of liquid media, and also the development of new designs and the search for new materials for sound pipes, which will increase sensitivity, reduce response time and expand the functionality of liquid sensors.
2. Conducted patent research on acousto-electronic liquid sensors based on delay lines and FBAR showed that the multi-parameter acousto-electronic liquid sensors proposed by project participants, based on the use of several probing acoustic waves, as well as multilayer structures with strong anisotropy, can be the basis for creating a new generation of modern elements of an electronic tongue, as well as devices for express analysis of biological fluids to detect pathogenic microorganisms.
3. The mathematical modeling of the propagation of acoustic Lamb waves and waves with transverse-horizontal polarization of zero and higher orders in the structure “air – piezoelectric plate – air gap – liquid” showed that the greater the dielectric constant of the liquid, the more strongly the phase velocity of the wave depends on the distance from the liquid to the plate, and also the lower the dielectric constant of the liquid, the lower the value of the maximum wave attenuation at a certain value of the conductivity of the liquid. It is concluded that in order to develop a method for remote determination of liquid conductivity, it is necessary to obtain calibration curves taking into account the dielectric constant of the measured liquid. Or, to develop a method, it is necessary to apply a machine learning method that will take into account the values of phase velocity and attenuation depending on the dielectric constant of the liquid and the distance of the piezoelectric plate from it.
4. As a result of mathematical modeling of the propagation of acoustic Lamb waves and waves with transverse-horizontal polarization of zero and higher orders in the frequency range from 3 MHz to 50 MHz in plates of lithium niobate, lithium tantalate with a thickness of 350 microns and in the air-paratellurite plate structure (TeO2) – ZnO film – air” in the absence of liquid, the following recommendations for experiments were made. To implement an experimental sample of a multiparameter sensor, you can select the A1 wave in the structure “C-axis-ZnO film – TeO2 Z cut plate.” It was found that the electromechanical coupling coefficient of this wave strongly depends on the direction of propagation, as does its phase velocity. This corresponds to the conditions for searching for structures with strong anisotropy of properties.
5. Mathematical modeling of the propagation of acoustic Lamb waves and waves with transverse-horizontal polarization of zero and higher orders in the frequency range from 3 MHz to 200 MHz in the structures “air – piezoelectric plate (thickness 350 μm) – liquid”, “air – paratellurite plate ( TeO2) – ZnO film – liquid” showed that the presence of an inviscid and non-conducting liquid on the surface of the structure has virtually no effect on the phase velocity of the waves, but leads to their attenuation. It was discovered that there are propagation directions in which the wave attenuation in the presence of liquid is stronger than for other directions in the same plane. This suggests the possibility of developing a liquid sensor based on the strong anisotropy of the properties of acoustic waves.
6. Mathematical modeling of the propagation of acoustic Lamb waves and waves with transverse-horizontal polarization of zero and higher orders in the frequency range from 3 MHz to 50 MHz in plates of lithium niobate, lithium tantalate with a thickness of 350 μm and in the air-paratellurite plate (TeO2) structure ) – ZnO film – air” at different ambient temperatures showed that the TCD range for waves in lithium niobate plates lies in the range from -115 ppm/C to -30 ppm/C, and for lithium tantalate the TCD of these waves lies in the range from -60 ppm/C to -10 ppm/C. This suggests that higher-order waves in lithium tantalate plates are less dependent on temperature changes than in lithium niobate plates. For waves recommended for creating a multichannel multiparameter liquid sensor, TCD is 0.05 ppm/C.
7. The developed microbiological method for obtaining bacterial cells based on a culture of methylotrophic mycobacteria (Methylobacterium, Rhodococcus) encapsulated with biogenic silver nanoparticles allows them to be obtained in an amount of at least 30 ml of analyte.
8. A study of the morphology and composition of the resulting bacterial cells based on a culture of mycobacteria encapsulated with biogenic silver nanoparticles confirmed their formation. A conclusion is drawn about the possibility of using the obtained microbiological objects to verify the biological acoustic liquid sensor being developed.
9. As part of the work, the Chinese participants developed a theoretical model of a parametric thin-film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) using the finite element method, taking into account reflections from boundaries and the excitation of spurious modes, carried out an experimental test of the model’s performance and analyzed the effectiveness of the measurement technique, as well as The influence of temperature on acoustic FBAR devices was studied.
All work planned for 2023 has been successfully completed. The results obtained correspond to, and in some cases exceed, the world level in this field of research.
The need for international cooperation is due to the possibility of access to the technological lines for creating acoustoelectronic devices from Chinese partners. In addition, due to the practical orientation of this work, an additional opportunity opens up for international cooperation to implement the results of this work into real sensor devices and organize their production.